271 - باب النهي عن التجسس والتسمع لكلام من يكره استماعه Chapter 271 Prohibition of Spying on Muslims and to be Inquisitive about Others 1570 -

271 - باب النهي عن التجسس والتسمع لكلام من يكره استماعه

Chapter 271
Prohibition of Spying on Muslims and to be Inquisitive about Others

قال الله تعالى ( الحجرات 12 ) : { ولا تجسسوا }
وقال تعالى ( الأحزاب 58 ) : { والذين يؤذون المؤمنين والمؤمنات بغير ما اكتسبوا فقد احتملوا بهتانا وإثما مبينا }

Allah, the Exalted, says:
"And spy not.'' (49:12)
"And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, bear on themselves the crime of slander and plain sin.'' (33:58)

1570 - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ إياكم والظن فإن الظن أكذب الحديث ولا تحسسوا ولا تجسسوا ولا تنافسوا ولا تحاسدوا ولا تباغضوا ولا تدابروا وكونوا عباد الله إخوانا كما أمركم . المسلم أخو المسلم لا يظلمه ولا يخذله ولا يحقره . التقوى ههنا التقوى ههنا ] ويشير إلى صدره [ بحسب امرئ من الشر أن يحقر أخاه المسلم كل المسلم على المسلم حرام : دمه وعرضه وماله إن الله لا ينظر إلى أجسادكم ولا إلى صوركم وأعمالكم ولكن ينظر إلى قلوبكم وأعمالكم ]
وفي رواية : [ لا تحاسدوا ولا تباغضوا ولا تجسسوا ولا تحسسوا ولا تناجشوا وكونوا عباد الله
إخوانا ]
وفي رواية : [ لا تقاطعوا ولا تدابروا ولا تباغضوا ولا تحاسدوا وكونوا عباد الله إخوانا ]
وفي رواية : [ ولا تهاجروا ولا يبع بعضكم على بيع بعض ] رواه مسلم
بكل هذه الروايات وروى البخاري أكثرها

1570. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Beware of suspicion, for suspicion is the worst of false tales. Do not look for other's faults. Do not spy one another, and do not practise Najsh (means to offer a high price for something in order to allure another customer who is interested in the thing). Do not be jealous of one another and do not nurse enmity against one another. Do not sever ties with one another. Become the slaves of Allah, and be brothers to one another as He commanded. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He should neither oppress him nor humiliate him. The piety is here! The piety is here!'' While saying so he pointed towards his chest. "It is enough evil for a Muslim to look down upon his Muslim brother. All things of a Muslim are inviolable for his brother in Faith: his blood, his wealth and his honour. Verily, Allah does not look to your bodies nor to your faces but He looks to your hearts and your deeds.''
Another narration is: "Do not feel envy against one another; do not nurse enmity; do not spy on one another and do not cheat one another. Be Allah's slaves, brethren to one another.''
Another narration is: "Do not have estranged relations with one another. Do not nurse enmity and do not feel envy against one another. O Allah's worshippers! Be brothers!''
Another narration is: "Do not estrange mutual relations and do not intervene into the transaction which is likely to be settled with another person.''
[Muslim].
Commentary: "Beware of suspicion'' means such suspicion about a Muslim for which no apparent evidence is available. Similar is the case of that thought which emerges in one's mind without any logic. "Najsh'' means to give higher bid in auction only to deceive others. Thus, it is a false bid which is not at all intended for purchasing the thing which is being auctioned. The instructions given to the Muslims in this Hadith are meant to secure the honour of Muslims. Since, doubt without any reason, and search for defects and weaknesses go against the security of a Muslim's honour, Islam has strictly forbidden Muslims from them. Another purpose for forbidding such things is to consolidate Muslim brotherhood. For this reason, they have been forbidden from oppression, leaving their Muslim brothers in lurch, considering others humble, and from taking pride in worldly possessions. In fact, the life, property, and honour of a Muslim have been declared unlawful for all other Muslims. Increase in a bid without any intention of buying the thing being auctioned and bargain over a bargain have also been prohibited because they also create ill-will and enmity.

1571 - وعن معاوية رضي الله عنه قال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يقول : [ إنك
إن اتبعت عورات المسلمين أفسدتهم أو كدت أن تفسدهم ] حديث صحيح رواه أبو داود بإسناد صحيح
1571. Muawiyah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "If you find faults with Muslims, you will corrupt them.''
[Abu Dawud].
Commentary: If a Muslim looks for the defects of another and hunts for his weaknesses, other Muslims will also adopt the same attitude towards him, and this situation will create dissension and conflict in society. This also will make them fall prey to sins and make them persistent in committing them. For this reason, spying and finding faults with Muslims has been prohibited by Shari`ah.

1572 - وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه أنه أتي برجل فقيل له : هذا فلان تقطر لحيته خمرا فقال : إنا قد نهينا عن التجسس ولكن إن يظهر لنا شيء نأخذ به . حديث صحيح رواه أبو داود بإسناد على شرط البخاري ومسلم
1572. It has been reported that a man was brought before Abdullah bin Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) because his beard was giving out smell of wine. Ibn Mas`ud said: "We have been prohibited from spying (on Muslims) and finding faults (with them). But we can take to task only and only if the sin is overt. [Abu Dawud]. Commentary: 1. In this Hadith we find a model conduct of the Companions of the Prophet (PBUH) which was taught to them by Islam. The Companions of the Prophet (PBUH) were certainly strict followers of the commands and prohibitions of Islam. 2. A Hadd or Ta`zir (punishment) is not enforced on mere suspicion. A solid evidence is essential for both of them.

272 - باب النهي عن سوء الظن بالمسلمين من غير ضرورة
Chapter 272
Prohibition of Suspicion

قال الله تعالى ( الحجرات 12 ) : { يا أيها الذين آمنوا اجتنبوا كثيرا من الظن إن بعض الظن إثم }
Allah, the Exalted, says:
"O you who believe! Avoid much suspicions, indeed some suspicions are sins.'' (49:12)

1573 -