1850 - 1860 -

1850 - وعن أبي الفضل العباس بن عبد المطلب رضي الله عنه قال : شهدت مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يوم حنين فلزمت أنا وأبو سفيان بن الحارث بن عبد المطلب رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم فلم نفارقه ورسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم على بغلة له بيضاء فلما التقى المسلمون والمشركون ولى المسلمون مدبرين فطفق رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يركض بغلته قبل الكفار وأنا آخذ بلجام بغلة رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم أكفها إرادة أن لا تسرع وأبو سفيان آخذ بركاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ أي عباس ناد أصحاب السمرة ] قال العباس وكان رجلا صيتا فقلت بأعلى صوتي : أين أصحاب السمرة ؟ فوالله لكأن عطفتهم حين سمعوا صوتي عطفة البقر على أولادها فقالوا : يا لبيك يا لبيك فاقتتلوا هم والكفار والدعوة في الأنصار يقولون يا معشر الأنصار يا معشر الأنصار ثم قصرت الدعوة على بني الحارث بن الخزرج فنظر رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم وهو على بغلته كالمتطاول عليها إلى قتالهم فقال : [ هذا حين حمي الوطيس ] ثم أخذ رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم حصيات فرمي بهن وجوه الكفار ثم قال : [ انهزموا ورب محمد ] فذهبت أنظر فإذا القتال على هيئته فيما أرى فوالله ما هو إلا أن رماهم بحصياته فما زلت أرى حدهم كليلا وأمرهم مدبرا . رواه مسلم
[ الوطيس ] : التنور ومعناه : اشتدت الحرب
وقوله [ حدهم ] هو بالحاء المهملة : أي بأسهم
1850. Al-`Abbas bin `Abdul-Muttalib (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I was in the company of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) on the day of (the battle of) Hunain. Abu Sufyan bin Al-Harith and I did not leave the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) throughout the battle. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was riding on his white mule. When the Muslims had an encounter with the pagans, Muslims took to their heels. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) began to urge his mule towards the disbelievers, holding the bridle of his mule. I was trying to restrain it from going very fast, and Abu Sufyan was holding the stirrup of the mule of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "O Abbas! Call out the People of As-Samurah [i.e., those people who had made the covenant under the tree (i.e., Bai`ah Ridwan)].'' `Abbas called out at the top of his voice: "Where are the People of As-Samurah.'' `Abbas said: As soon as they heard my voice, they rushed towards the Prophet (PBUH) like a cow turning towards her calf. They were shouting: "Here we are.'' Soon they began to fight the infidels. Then there was a call for Ansar. Those who called out to them shouted: "O you the people of Ansar! O you the people of Ansar!'' They ended their call at Banu Al-Harith bin Al-Khazraj. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) who was riding on his mule looked at their fight with his neck stretched forward and he said, "This is the time when the fight is raging hot.'' Then the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) took pebbles and threw them in the face of the disbelievers. He said, "By the Rubb of Muhammad, the disbelievers will be defeated.'' I continued to watch until I found that their force was subdued and they began to retreat.
[Muslim].
Commentary:
1. Here is the factual proof of the bravery and greatness of the Prophet (PBUH). We see that initially when the Companions were perturbed and they scattered here and there, he alone continued his march towards the enemy. He did not feel even the slightest fear or worry. In the end his steadfastness compelled others to return and fight the enemy.
2. In fact, they had not receded far. They had got confused for a while. The reason for this confusion was the continuous and sudden volley of arrows which was quite unexpected for them. However, at the call of Al-`Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) they at once turned back to fight. Had they gone far off, their sudden re-organisation and collecting again would not have been possible.
3. Here is the proof of a miracle of the Prophet (PBUH) as well; the throwing of few pebbles from his side caused the defeat of the enemy.
4. Here, the Muslims were taught a lesson that the real power in the battlefield is the strength of Belief and the Help of Allah. The position of the armaments and other things is secondary. So, one should not depend on these means and resources alone. Otherwise, one will certainly face defeat in spite of large number of soldiers and better means, as happened initially in the battle of Hunain. The trust should be on Allah and His Special Help. His Will alone is the deciding factor in every matter.


رياض الصالحين


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1851 - وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ أيها الناس إن الله طيب لا يقبل طيبا وإن الله أمر المؤمنين بما أمر به المرسلين فقال تعالى ( المؤمنون 51 ) : { يا أيها الرسل كلوا من الطيبات واعملوا صالحا } . وقال تعالى ( البقرة 171 ) : { يا أيها الذين آمنوا كلوا من طيبات ما رزقناكم } . ثم ذكر الرجل يطيل السفر أشعث أغبر يمد يديه إلى السماء : يا رب يا رب ومطعمه حرام ومشربه حرام وغذي بالحرام فأني يستجاب لذلك ؟ ] رواه مسلم
1851. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "O people! Allah is Pure and, therefore, accepts only that which is pure. Allah has commanded the believers as He has commanded His Messengers by saying: `O Messengers! Eat of the good things, and do good deeds.' (23:51) And He said: `O you who believe (in the Oneness of Allah - Islamic Monotheism)! Eat of the lawful things that We have provided you...''' (2:172). Then he (PBUH) made a mention of the person who travels for a long period of time, his hair are dishevelled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky and thus makes the supplication: `My Rubb! My Rubb!' But his food is unlawful, his drink is unlawful, his clothes are unlawful and his nourishment is unlawful, how can, then his supplication be accepted?''
[Muslim].
Commentary: For the grant of prayer, honest earning is essential. Allah accepts charity only if it has been earned in an honest way. Moreover, before any pious action, honest earning for living is essential; otherwise good actions will also go waste.

1852 - وعنه رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ ثلاثة لا يكلمهم الله يوم القيامة ولا يزكيهم ولا ينظر إليهم ولهم عذاب أليم : شيخ زان وملك كذاب وعائل مستكبر ] رواه مسلم
[ العائل ] : الفقير
1852. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "There are three (types of) people whom Allah will neither speak to on the Day of Resurrection nor will He purify them (i.e., from their sins), nor will look upon them; and they will have a painful chastisement. These are: An old man who commits fornication; a king who is a great liar and a poor man who is proud.''
[Muslim]
Commentary: From here it can be concluded that if it is easy for someone to avoid a sin and he does not remain away from it, then he is a greater sinner than a person for whom it is comparatively difficult to avoid that sin.

1853 - وعنه رضي الله عنه قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم : [ سيحان وجيحان والفرات والنيل كل من أنهار الجنة ] رواه مسلم
1853. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "Saihan (Oxus), Jaihan (Jaxartes), Al-Furat (Euphrates) and An-Nil (Nile) are all from the rivers of Jannah.''
[Muslim].
Commentary: This Hadith shows the superiority of these rivers. This superiority is manifested in the purity of their water and the spread of Islam all around them. Some scholars like Imam As-Suyuti take the meaning of this Hadith literally. In any case, only Allah knows their reality.
Saihan and Jaihan are two rivers in the country of Syria. These are different from Saihun and Jaihan in the territory of Khurasan (see Mu`jam Al-Buldan of Baladhri, 2/227; 3/333). Some maintain that Saihun is in India and Jaihun in Khurasan, the Euphrates and the Nile are well-known.

1854 - وعنه رضي الله عنه قال : أخذ رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم بيدي فقال : [ خلق الله التربة يوم السبت وخلق فيها الجبال يوم الأحد وخلق الشجر يوم الإثنين وخلق المكروه يوم الثلاثاء وخلق النور يوم الأربعاء وبث فيها الدواب يوم الخميس وخلق آدم صلى الله عليه و سلم بعد العصر من يوم الجمعة في آخر الخلق في آخر ساعة من النار فيما بين العصر إلى الليل ] رواه مسلم
1854. Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) took hold of my hand and said, "Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, created the earth on Saturday, the mountains on Sunday, the trees on Monday, the things entailing labour on Tuesday, light on Wednesday, He spread out animals of all kinds on Thursday, and created Adam in the afternoon on Friday, and it was the last hour of Friday between the afternoon and the night.''
[Muslim].
Commentary: What does "Day'' mean, and how long can it be? Its reality only Allah knows. We observe a day of 24 hours. However, the days of the formation of the universe are evidently different from our earthly days. According to the Arabic language, a day may mean just a moment, but also aeons of time. In the Qur'an also, Allah has mentioned that a `day' may be of one thousand or fifty thousand years. Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir mentions in his Tafsir (1/69) that this is one of the Ahadith classified as Gharib (strange) in Sahih Muslim. Ibn Al-Madini, Al-Bukhari and many others have spoken about it, and have attributed to Ka`b Al-Ahbar; and it may be that Abu Hurairah heard it from Ka`b Al-Ahbar, but some narrators attributed it to the Prophet (PBUH). See Al-Bukhari's commentary in At-Tarikh Al-Kabir (1/413).

1855 - وعن أبي سليمان خالد بن الوليد رضي الله عنه قال : لقد انقطعت في يدي يوم مؤتة تسعة أسياف فما بقي في يدي إلا صفيحة يمانية ] رواه البخاري
1855. Abu Sulaiman Khalid bin Al-Walid (May Allah be pleased with him) said: In the battle of Mu'tah, seven swords were broken in my hand, and all that remained with me was a Yemeni sword.
[Al-Bukhari].
Commentary: Mu'tah is a place near Syria. The battle which took place here is known as the battle of Mu'tah. This Hadith mentions the bravery and superiority of Khalid bin Al-Walid.

1856 - وعن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم يقول : [ إذا حكم الحاكم فاجتهد ثم أصاب فله أجران وإذا حكم واجتهد فأخطأ فله أجر ] متفق عليه
1856. `Amr bin `Al-`As (May Allah be pleased with him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "When a judge utilizes his skill of judgement and comes to a right decision, he will have a double reward, but when he uses his judgement and commits a mistake, he will have a single reward.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Commentary: In such matters about which there is no clear command or instruction in the Qur'an and Sunnah, the problem is decided keeping in view similar and resembling cases. This mode of deciding about its being permitted or prohibited is called Ijtihad.
Evidently, this process can be employed by only such a person who has full command about the various branches of knowledge pertaining to Qur'an and Sunnah. Not every person can do it nor is supposed to do it. There is also a famous proverb that says: `Little knowledge is a dangerous thing.'
From here we conclude that the ruler, judge or a bureaucrat in a Muslim country should be a learned scholar, i.e., an `Alim well versed in Qur'an and Sunnah; so that he can interpret the laws of Islam with utmost care and in a befitting and sincere manner. He should do the job sincerely and with a pious intention. With such mode of work, he will be bestowed with reward in every case. However, if his interpretation is correct, he will receive a double reward.

1857 - وعن عائشة رضي الله عنها أن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ الحمى من فيح جهنم فابردوها بالماء ] متفق عليه
1857. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Fever comes from the vehement raging of Hell, so cool it with water.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: The treatment mentioned in the narration is quite correct. In many cases doctors also suggest that the patient should be cooled and the body temperature lowered by cold compress, i.e., placing cloth dipped in cold water on the body.

1858 - وعنها رضي الله عنها عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : [ من مات وعليه صوم صام عنه وليه ] متفق عليه
والمختار جواز الصوم عمن مات وعليه صوم لهذا الحديث والمراد بالولي : القريب وارثا كان أو غير وارث
1858. `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "If a person dies without observing Saum (fasts), his Wali should make it up on his behalf.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary: Sheikh Al-Albani says that this fasting refers to fasting of vow and not the fasting of Ramadan.
Sheikh Al-Albani has particularized the narration by `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) with the help of the narration of Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them), in which the fasting of vow is specifically mentioned. The reason is that in the bodily worship, acting on the behalf of others is not permitted. As one cannot act or perform any bodily worship on behalf of others, similarly it is not allowed to do so after somebody's death. However, if in any particular case, there is a ruling in the Qur'an or Sunnah then in that particular matter deputizing would be allowed. In such case the permission should be limited to that particular matter only. For example it is specifically mentioned in the Hadith that the Wali, i.e., the guardian or inheritor of the dead person can observe the fasting of vow taken by the deceased person to Allah. However, no offering of other bodily worship, such as Salat, will be permitted on behalf of the deceased person.

1859 - وعن عوف بن مالك بن الطفيل أن عائشة رضي الله عنها حدثت أن عبد الله بن الزبير رضي الله عنهما قال في بيع أو عطاء أعطته عائشة رضي الله عنها : والله لتنتهين عائشة أو لأحجرن عليها قالت : أهو قال هذا ؟ قالوا نعم قالت : هو لله علي نذر أن لا أكلم ابن الزبير أبدا فاستشفع ابن الزبير إليها حين طالت الهجرة فقالت : لا والله لا أشفع فيه أبدا ولا أتحنث إلى نذري فلما طال ذلك على ابن الزبير كلم المسور بن مخرمة وعبد الرحمن بن الأسود بن عبد يغوث وقال لهما : أنشدكما الله لما أدخلتماني على عائشة رضي الله عنها فإنها لا يحل لها أن تنذر قطيعتي فأقبل به المسور وعبد الرحمن حتى استأذنا على عائشة فقالا : السلام عليك ورحمة الله وبركاته أندخل ؟ قالت عائشة : ادخلوا قالوا : كلنا ؟ قالت : نعم ادخلوا كلكم ولا تعلم أن معهما ابن الزبير فلم دخلوا دخل ابن الزبير الحجاب فاعتنق عائشة رضي الله عنها وطفق يناشدها ويبكي وطفق المسور وعبد الرحمن يناشدانها إلا كلمته وقبلت منه ويقولان أن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم نهي عما قد عملت من الهجرة ولا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاث ليال فلما أكثروا على عائشة من التذكرة والتحريج طفقت تذكرهما وتبكي وتقول : إني نذرت والنذر شديد فلم يزالا بها حتى كلمت ابن الزبير وأعتقت في نذرها ذلك أربعين رقبة وكانت تذكر نذرها بعد ذلك فتبكي حتى تبل دموعها خمارها . رواه البخاري
1859. `Auf bin Malik (May Allah be pleased with him) said: `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) as told that `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with them) had said in respect of selling of a gift which was presented to her: "By Allah! If `Aishah does not stop this kind of thing, I will declare her incompetent to administer her property.'' `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) asked: "Did He (`Abdullah bin Az-Zubair) say so?'' The people said: "Yes.'' `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: "I vow it before Allah that I will never speak to Ibn Az-Zubair.'' When this desertion lasted long, `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair sought intercession with her, but she said: "By Allah I will not accept the intercession of anyone for him, and I will not commit a sin of breaking my vow.'' When this state of affairs was prolonged, Ibn Az-Zubair felt it hard on him. He said to Al-Miswar bin Makhramah and `Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Aswad bin Yaghut: "I beseech you in the Name of Allah that you should take me to `Aishah because it is unlawful for her to vow to sever relations with me.'' So Al-Miswar and `Abdur-Rahman took him with them. They sought her permission, saying: "As-salamu `alaika wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu! Shall we come in?'' `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: "Come in,'' They asked: "All of us?'' She said: "All of you,'' not knowing that Ibn Az-Zubair was also with them. So, when they entered, Ibn Az-Zubair entered the screened place and got hold of `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her), his aunt. He was requesting her to forgive him and wept. Al-Miswar and `Abdur-Rahman also pleaded on his behalf and requested her to speak to him and to accept his repentance. They said to her: "The Prophet (PBUH) forbade to cut off relationship because it is unlawful for any Muslim not to talk to his (Muslim) brother (or sister, for that matter) for more than three (days).'' So when they persisted in urging and reminding her of the superiority of having good relation with kith and kin, she began to weep, saying: "I have made a vow which is a matter of very serious nature.'' They persisted in their appeal till she spoke with `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair, and she freed forty slaves as an expiation for breaking her vow. Later on, whenever she remembered her vow, she would weep so much that her veil would become wet with tears.
[Al-Bukhari].
Commentary: `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with him) was the real nephew of `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her). She had made a vow that she would not talk to her nephew. She thought that such an oath was permissible as her nephew (the then governor of Makkah) had shown his intention to put a ban on the spending of `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her). In his opinion, she was spending very lavishly in charity. Later `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair (May Allah be pleased with him) realized his mistake and went to his aunt to seek forgiveness along with two persons as recommenders. After this, it was proper for her to break her oath and resume her relations with him. The expiation for breaking a vow is the same as that of breaking an oath, i.e., to feed ten indigent people on a scale of the average for the food of one's family, or cloth them, or give a slave his freedom. If one cannot afford any of these things, then he should fast for three days. (See Qur'an, 5:89) But `Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her), in her generosity, bought forty slaves and freed them.

1860 -